{
  "id": "se-offentlighetsprincipen",
  "name": "Principle of Public Access (Tryckfrihetsförordningen, ch. 2)",
  "short_name": "Offentlighetsprincipen",
  "citation": "SFS 1949:105, 2 kap.",
  "jurisdiction": "foreign",
  "state": null,
  "state_name": null,
  "country": "Sweden",
  "country_code": "SE",
  "url": "https://aletheca.com/laws/se-offentlighetsprincipen",
  "description": "The world's oldest FOI regime (1766), carried in the constitutional Freedom of the Press Act. Secrecy grounds live in a separate act, the OSL (2009:400), and each withholding must cite a specific OSL section.",
  "statutory_days": null,
  "business_days": false,
  "statutory_text": "Records must be produced 'genast eller så snart det är möjligt' — at once, or as soon as possible. In practice same day to a few days; there is no fixed number to run a clock against.",
  "appeal_deadline_days": 21,
  "appeal_basis": "three weeks to appeal a written refusal decision",
  "appeal_process": "A written, appealable refusal from the authority, then Kammarrätten (administrative court of appeal).",
  "litigation": "Kammarrätten, then the Supreme Administrative Court with leave.",
  "fee_waiver_standard": "Inspection is free; copies charged by schedule after the ninth page.",
  "expedited_criteria": [],
  "exemptions": [
    "OSL 15 kap. — foreign-affairs and defence secrecy (Offentlighets- och sekretesslag 2009:400)"
  ],
  "portal": null,
  "turnaround_notes": "Requests can be anonymous and are commonly answered by the registrar (registrator) within a day or two.",
  "quirks": "No fixed deadline is not a loophole here — 'promptly' is enforced culture, and Swedish authorities are among the fastest responders anywhere.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "label": "Sveriges Riksdag — Tryckfrihetsförordningen (1949:105)",
      "url": "https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-och-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/tryckfrihetsforordning-1949105_sfs-1949-105/",
      "status": "verified",
      "checked_at": "2026-08-31"
    }
  ],
  "text": null,
  "text_note": null,
  "agencies": [
    {
      "slug": "se-forsvarsmakten",
      "name": "Swedish Armed Forces",
      "local_name": "Försvarsmakten",
      "abbr": "FM",
      "jurisdiction": "foreign",
      "state": null,
      "state_name": null,
      "country": "Sweden",
      "country_code": "SE",
      "category": "defense",
      "agency_type": "armed_forces",
      "parent": null,
      "parent_name": null,
      "url": "https://aletheca.com/agencies/se-forsvarsmakten",
      "website": "https://www.forsvarsmakten.se",
      "reading_room": null,
      "subject_to_foia": true,
      "law": {
        "id": "se-offentlighetsprincipen",
        "citation": "SFS 1949:105, 2 kap.",
        "statutory_days": null,
        "business_days": false,
        "appeal_deadline_days": 21
      },
      "intake": [
        {
          "channel": "email",
          "detail": "exp-hkv@mil.se",
          "label": "Headquarters registry (registrator)",
          "verified": true,
          "verification": "verified",
          "verification_source": null,
          "last_checked": null,
          "automatable": false,
          "preferred": false,
          "reliability": null,
          "instructions": null
        },
        {
          "channel": "portal",
          "detail": "https://www.forsvarsmakten.se",
          "label": "Armed Forces website",
          "verified": true,
          "verification": "verified",
          "verification_source": null,
          "last_checked": null,
          "automatable": false,
          "preferred": false,
          "reliability": null,
          "instructions": null
        }
      ],
      "submission_readiness": null,
      "holdings": [
        "Defence Staff UFO reports; the 1946 'ghost rockets' (spökraketer) investigation files are at the Krigsarkivet",
        "Air-surveillance incident reports",
        "Correspondence with UFO-Sverige, whose Archives for the Unexplained in Norrköping is the largest private collection anywhere"
      ],
      "tips": [
        "Ask the registrator by email; requests can be anonymous, inspection is free, and answers usually come within days — no fixed clock because none is needed.",
        "The 1946 ghost-rocket files are a Riksarkivet (Krigsarkivet) request, not an Armed Forces one."
      ],
      "tracking": "Diarienummer (registry number) issued by the registrator.",
      "confidence": "high",
      "source": "Hand-compiled international layer. Bodies and statutes are real; contact routes are inferred unless marked verified, and none has yet been proven by a delivered letter."
    }
  ]
}